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Docker 基本命令(hello world)

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从Docker registry拉取imagebusybox到本地系统

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker pull busybox
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
busybox             latest              020584afccce        12 days ago         1.22MB

基于busybox image运行一个container

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker run busybox
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$

感觉没有任何响应或输出:是因为没有执行任何命令,container起来后又自动退出

执行echo命令测试

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker run busybox echo "hello from busybox"
hello from busybox
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$

container查看

ps 正在运行的container
ps -a 所有运行过的container

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
bbb8c274f214        busybox             "echo 'hello from bu…"   32 seconds ago      Exited (0) 31 seconds ago                       youthful_napier

运行一个可交互的container

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker run -it busybox sh
/ # id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=10(wheel)
/ # hostname
e990a36fbbe4

删除container

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
e990a36fbbe4        busybox             "sh"                     7 minutes ago       Exited (0) 5 minutes ago                        friendly_liskov
bbb8c274f214        busybox             "echo 'hello from bu…"   17 minutes ago      Exited (0) 17 minutes ago                       youthful_napier
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker rm e990a36fbbe4 bbb8c274f214
e990a36fbbe4
bbb8c274f214
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$

or

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker run busybox echo hello
hello
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker rm $(docker ps -a -q -f status=exited)
50a78121bce9
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$

or

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker container prune
WARNING! This will remove all stopped containers.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
b47229664c70532b5c5d651cde2e289ca73058add7040603f91b08b340e7cb19

Total reclaimed space: 0B

rmi删除image

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              775349758637        11 days ago         64.2MB
busybox             latest              020584afccce        12 days ago         1.22MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        10 months ago       1.84kB
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker rmi hello-world
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:c3b4ada4687bbaa170745b3e4dd8ac3f194ca95b2d0518b417fb47e5879d9b5f
Deleted: sha256:fce289e99eb9bca977dae136fbe2a82b6b7d4c372474c9235adc1741675f587e
Deleted: sha256:af0b15c8625bb1938f1d7b17081031f649fd14e6b233688eea3c5483994a66a3
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              775349758637        11 days ago         64.2MB
busybox             latest              020584afccce        12 days ago         1.22MB

更多信息学会查看--help

TIPS

container退出时自动删除,执行时加--rm

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xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker run --rm busybox echo hello
hello
xiaomao@jp-vps:~$docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES